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The Hispanic community is underrepresented at Fort Lewis College and in the city of Durango, Colorado. Baile Folklorico is an important part of that culture, often serving as a symbol of Mexican heritage and tradition. Addressing the history and modern usage of the dance highlights issues faced by those associated with the Hispanic community, specifically, the issue of cultural continuance in a region where members face minority status. Data was...
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This semester I studied the dynamical system of taking a point in the real plane and sending it down to the torus, which is a 2-dimensional tube. I looked at periodic points of this mapping and showed "and if" and "only if" relation between rational points and periodic points. I then looked at the conditions for chaos of a map that creates a line with an irrational slope.
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Gravity-fed water systems are the most commonly used type around the world. Every one of these systems must have some kind of intake structure to capture the water. The Fort Lewis College chapter of Engineers Without Borders developed a perforated pipe stacked array inlet structure that specifically addresses problems prevalent in the monsoonal climate found in southeast Asia. A series of tests are conducted to analyze and quantify the performance...
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Over the last decade, Facebook has become a primal part of our internet culture today. Fort Lewis students were asked to fill out introversion/extraversion surveys and relationship satisfaction scales related to their online vs. offline relationships. Results showed that extraversion is related to Facebook use, but did not predict satisfaction with online or offline relationships. Results also showed that participants who scored higher on extraversion...
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Two pulses of syndepositional faulting have been identified within the deposition of the Pennsylvanian Hermosa Group in the southern San Juan Mountains of southwest Colorado. The study area between Coal Bank Pass and Lime Creek is bounded by a major syncline on the northern edge, and the Snowdon Fault and Coal Bank Fault to the south. This study develops new information on the Coal Bank Fault and contains additional analysis of the Snowdon Fault....
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The origin of the formal study of lightning as an electrical phenomenon is attributed to Benjamin Franklin. While not his first design, or experiment, to test the electrical nature of lightning - it was Franklin's kite in the storm that would become the most famous of his experiments. The study of lightning is of long standing human interest, and the methods of this study have evolved with advances in modern technology. To further the local study...
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Muscle strength has been defined as the capacity of a muscle to produce the tension necessary to maintain posture, as well as the initiation and control of movement. The hamstring to quadriceps strength ratio is important in injury prevention, and there has been controversy about the appropriate ratio to use. It has been documented that the quadriceps are greater in strength than the hamstrings although there is no particular ratio that is appropriate...
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The goal of this project is to assess the feasibility of developing hydroelectric resources in the rural community of Chimborazo, Ecuador, and to provide a future design team with the methodology required to develop them. Since design-level site data is currently unavailable, the project provides a thorough review of parameters associated with designing and implementing a micro hydroelectric system. Parameters discussed include hydraulic infrastructure,...
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Quercus welshii is geographically restricted to the Navajo Basin area of NE Arizona and SE Utah. Two hypotheses have been formed in order to explain how Q. welshii evolved. One states that Q. welshii is a relic population left over from when its ancestor, Q. havardii, populated the region. The other states that Q. welshii is stabilized hybrid of Q. gambelii and Q. turbinella, the two dominate species in the area. In order to test if Q. welshii is...
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The elemental abundances remaining in the nebula surrounding a neutron star provide insight into the stellar nucleosynthesis processes that were taking place in the original star immediately preceding core collapse. The Crab Nebula is one of the closest and most recent supernova remnants visible from earth and because of its location above the galactic disk, the atomic debris from the progenitor star has remained undisturbed by interactions with...
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Acidobacteria capsulatum was first isolated from acid mine drainage in 1987. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic studies indicate that this organism does not fit known gram-negative taxa, and as a result, the phylum Acidobacteria was created. An annotated genome of this acidophilic bacterium, published in 2009, shows no aldolase sequence, however a sequence for phosphofructokinase (PFK1) has been found. A. capsulatum has the ability to utilize glucose...
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Despite a vast body of research on balance and postural sway, there is little known about the impacts that varying heights above ground level have on an individual's postural sway, whether in athletes or non-athletes. Knowing how athletic training affects an individual's balance at varying heights may affect how that individual trains, particularly when the competition involves events above ground level or the performance of balance intensive activities....
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The Fort Lewis College Engineering Without Borders Program (EWB), works in developing countries around the world designing and constructing community improvement projects. Water systems are commonly designed and constructed as part of these projects. In at least one case, the water system that was constructed in an area had less capacity than desired. In examining the system for possible bottlenecks, the pipe inlet used was identified as a likely...
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Ancient Greeks were fascinated with what could be constructed only using a compass and a straightedge without markings. They were able to construct many things like bisecting an angle, but others like doubling the cube baffled them. Legend has it that ancient Athenians were told by the oracle at Delos that a plague would end if they could double the volume of the cube at the altar to Apollo with a compass and a straightedge. The ability to show that...
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It is known that Native Americans are more likely to develop diabetes when compared to Caucasians. What is not known is why. This study compares the differences in diet, and lifestyle between Native American and Caucasian students at Fort Lewis College in order to determine the variables responsible for the differences in prevalence of diabetes between the two races. BMI was used to match Native American subjects to Caucasian subjects. Subjects had...
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Football athletes have always been taught that the benchmark in speed for their sport is the 40 yard dash. Having a fast 40 yard dash can be the difference between a player getting drafted and never seeing the professional ranks. The purpose of this study was to document the effects of two different weight lifting plans on 40 yard dash times and compare them to each other to see if one program is better in enhancing performance than the other. ...
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TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is associated with insulin resistance, and may be the cellular instigator in the progression to Type II diabetes. Incidence of insulin resistance is higher in most Native American (NA) populations, but little is known about their cellular indicators. We examined TNF-α serum levels in NA college students who were matched by body mass index (BMI) to Caucasian (CA) peers. BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and percent body...
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Disaster and the long term affects that societies experience are imperative to the understanding of how cultures operate and change. Disaster research can be analyzed using historical and contemporary examples. By adopting the work of Susanna M. Hoffman and using her five factor set of criteria, researchers on the ground and in academia can analyze how cultures will change due to (1) the magnitude of the disaster, (2) the amount of the population...
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The Allard stock is a mass of mostly alkaline felsic to intermediate intrusive rocks that were emplaced ~65 Ma during the formation of the La Mountain laccolithic complex. Formation of the Allard stock was accompanied by zones of mineralization that tend to be concentrated along northeast-trending fractures. Geologic surveys since the 1930s have documented the occurrence of copper mineralization within the stock along with economic concentrations...
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Spirituality in college-age students is a diverse and interesting aspect of life because most college students are just leaving their families, their parents' belief systems, and trying to define their own. The present study examines the relationships between spirituality, religiousness, guilt, and self-esteem. The first hypothesis proposes that there is more guilt found in people who are more religious and spiritual. The second hypothesis is that...